The Immune System through the Lens of Alcohol Intake and Gut Microbiota

The human gut is the largest organ with immune function in our body, responsible for regulating homeostasis of intestinal barrier. A diverse, complex and dynamic population microorganisms, called microbiota, which exert a significant impact on host during disease, supports this role. In fact, bacteria maintain metabolic homeostasis, protecting organism against pathogens. development numerous inflammatory disorders infections has been linked to altered bacterial composition or dysbiosis. Multiple factors contribute establishment microbiota. For instance, diet considered as one many drivers shaping microbiota across lifetime. By contrast, alcohol that disrupt proper functioning gut, leading disruption barrier integrity increases permeability mucosa, final result disrupted mucosal immunity. This damage membrane allows their components enter blood tissue, reaching other organs such liver brain. Although chronic heavy drinking harmful effects system cells at systemic level, review focuses effect produced brain liver, because significance link between consumption, system.